IMPLEMENTASI MEDIA CONE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR LAY UP BOLA BASKET SISWA KELAS X SMAN 3 MATARAM

Abstract

Basketball lay-up requires coordinated approach steps, take-off and ball placement. This classroom action research examined changes in lay-up learning outcomes through cone-assisted instruction planned within a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) framework. The participants were 36 tenth-grade students at SMAN 3 Mataram. Four performance aspects (approach, footwork, take-off and flight, and ball-entry accuracy) were rated on a 1–4 scale; individual scores were converted from a maximum of 16 points to a 0–100 scale. The minimum mastery criterion was 75, and the classical mastery target was 85%. Mean scores increased from 56.42 at baseline to 72.40 in Cycle I and 81.94 in Cycle II. Mastery increased from 10/36 (27.78%) to 22/36 (61.11%) and 32/36 (88.89%), exceeding the classical target in Cycle II. The observed improvement occurred alongside differentiated cone placement, repeated practice, teacher feedback, and adjustments to gaze orientation, so an isolated causal effect of cone media cannot be established. The detailed PBL stages and rating descriptors require confirmation against contemporaneous lesson plans and assessment records.