Jurnal Ar Ro'is Mandalika (Armada)

Examination of Influenza Samples at BLKM Manado in 2024

Budianna Tombi Langi — 2025-10-30

Background: Influenza remains a major global respiratory infection and public health concern. In Indonesia, influenza surveillance is conducted through the Influenza-Like Illness (ILI) and Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI) sentinel system. The BLKM Manado laboratory supports influenza surveillance in North Sulawesi and Gorontalo provinces.

Objective: This study aims to describe influenza sample examination results in 2024 at BLKM Manado to support early detection of potential outbreaks in its catchment area.

Methods: A retrospective descriptive study with a cross-sectional laboratory-based approach was conducted. Data were obtained from 102 samples collected from four ILI–SARI sentinel sites during January–December 2024. Examinations were performed using real-time PCR to detect influenza A/B and SARS-CoV-2.

Results: Out of 102 samples, 27 (26.5%) were positive for influenza, mainly from West Amurang Health Center (51.9%), Kabila Health Center (40.7%), and Ainun Habibie Hospital (7.4%). Identified viruses included influenza type B (56%) and type A (44%), while 12% were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Most cases occurred in the productive age group (19–59 years).

Conclusion: Both influenza A and B viruses were detected in the BLKM Manado working area throughout 2024, with type B predominating. These findings highlight the need to sustain and strengthen the ILI–SARI sentinel surveillance system for early detection and laboratory-based control of respiratory infections in tropical regions.

Optimization of National Downstream Synergy in Realizing Defense Industry Independence to Support the Mission of the Indonesian Air Force

Dedi Dedi — 2025-11-01

This study analyzes the optimization of national downstream synergy as a strategic pathway to achieving defense industry independence in Indonesia, particularly in supporting the operational readiness of the Indonesian Air Force (TNI AU). Using a qualitative descriptive approach, it integrates data from interviews, policy documents, and official reports from the Defense Industry Policy Committee (KKIP), the Ministry of Defense, and PT Dirgantara Indonesia (PTDI). The findings reveal that Indonesia’s defense industry still faces major barriers, including dependence on imported raw materials and technology, low economies of scale, and limited coordination among stakeholders. The study identifies that the success of downstream synergy depends on institutional integration, long-term investment assurance, and technological capability enhancement. Strengthening the roles of KKIP as a policy integrator, the Ministry of Defense as a regulatory and funding enabler, and PTDI as a production executor is essential to align industrial capacity with Air Force requirements. Key strategies include implementing Long-Term Offtake Agreements (LTOA) to stabilize market demand, reforming the Offset and Local Content (IDKLO) mechanism for genuine technology transfer, and integrating upstream industries (PT Inalum, PT Krakatau Steel) to close the material sovereignty gap. The development of MIL-STD-certified testing facilities, local MRO capabilities, and a national defense digital innovation ecosystem will accelerate the transition toward self-reliant production. Ultimately, optimizing national downstream synergy will establish a resilient, competitive, and technologically advanced defense ecosystem capable of independently supporting the Air Force and enhancing Indonesia’s strategic autonomy.

Optimization of Wood Waste Management through Reuse and Recycle Program

Erfin Budianto — 2025-11-11

The SarKa innovation program implemented by PT Paiton Energy aims to address the issue of wood waste management by transforming waste materials into valuable products, specifically wood pellets. The program focuses on reducing the amount of wood waste sent to landfills and optimizing the economic value derived from waste materials. In 2024, 143,480.61 kg of wood waste was processed into wood pellets, resulting in significant cost savings of Rp 24,024,660.62, which increased to Rp 43,567,099.68 in 2025. Additionally, the sale of wood pellets generated substantial economic benefits for the local community, with revenue reaching Rp 344,353,468.84 in 2024 and Rp 312,230,880.95 in 2025. The program not only promotes environmental sustainability by reducing landfill waste but also fosters social empowerment by involving local communities in pellet production, creating new business opportunities. The transformation of wood waste into useful products reflects a shift toward a circular economy, optimizing value chains and reducing environmental impacts. Moreover, the program has cultivated a culture of sustainability within the company, where employees and local communities recognize the importance of resource management and waste reduction. This research highlights the economic, environmental, and social benefits of such innovative programs and suggests the potential for scaling and replicating these practices in other industries.

The Influence of Digital Marketing on Purchasing Decisions at Tanah Abang Market

Rifky Maolana — 2025-11-18

This study aims to analyze the influence of digital marketing on consumer purchasing decisions using a case study of Tanah Abang Market. The primary focus of the study is brand perception, digital marketing strategies, and how digitalization affects the loyalty and competitiveness of businesses in traditional markets that are now adapting to technology. This study uses a qualitative approach, emphasizing the subjective meanings and experiences of consumers and businesses. The analysis process was conducted inductively using case study, phenomenology, and ethnography techniques to gain an in-depth understanding of digital marketing strategies, including the use of social media, digital content optimization, and consumer purchasing experiences. The results show that digital marketing contributes significantly to increased purchasing decisions, particularly through factors such as ease of access to information, brand trust, and the effectiveness of digital-based promotions. Thus, digitalization has proven to be a key factor in increasing consumer loyalty and strengthening the position of traditional markets in the modern era.

The Impact of Flexible Working Arrangements on Work-Life Balance for Generation Z Employees

Prita Balena Khosyatillah — 2025-11-21

This study aims to examine the relationship between flexible working arrangements and work-life balance among Generation Z employees in Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach with Pearson product-moment correlation analysis, this study involved 110 respondents aged 15–30 years who were employed in non-shift-based work. Data were collected using validated Likert-scale questionnaires that measure flexible working (based on Hyland's three dimensions: available flexibility, preference for flexibility, and use of flexibility) and work-life balance (based on four dimensions: WIPL, PLIW, WEPL, and PLEW). The results of the Pearson correlation test showed a significant positive relationship between flexible working arrangements and work-life balance (r = 0.349, p < 0.05). This indicates that the higher the perceived flexibility at work, the better the individual's ability to balance work and personal life. These findings are in line with Clark's Work-Family Border Theory and emphasize the importance of flexible policies in promoting employee well-being, especially among Generation Z workers.

Legal Protection for Search and Rescue Officers (Civil Servants) in the Implementation of Search and Rescue Operations

Hakim Fajrin — 2025-11-21

Search and Rescue (SAR) officers who serve as Civil Servants (ASN) play a strategic role in saving human lives during rescue operations. However, this responsibility exposes them to high occupational risks, including severe injury and death, which necessitates strong and comprehensive legal protection. This study aims to analyze the legal protection framework for SAR personnel within Indonesia’s national regulations and identify challenges in its implementation. Using a normative juridical approach, the research examines Law Number 29 of 2014 concerning Search and Rescue, the Head of BASARNAS Regulation Number 1 of 2025, and several empirical cases highlighting the limited legal safeguards for rescuers. The findings indicate that, despite existing regulations on liability and compensation mechanisms, implementation remains suboptimal due to overlapping policies, weak inter-agency coordination, and limited compensation funding. Comparative analysis with international standards further reveals that legal protection for rescuers must include occupational safety, fair compensation rights, and legal certainty for the families of victims. Therefore, a more assertive and responsive legal policy framework is required to ensure justice, legal certainty, and proper recognition for ASN officers serving at the humanitarian front line.

The Reconstruction of the Structure of Scientific Knowledge in the Perspective of Thomas S. Kuhn’s Paradigm

Yuni Hasnidar — 2025-11-25

The development of scientific knowledge does not occur linearly but undergoes fundamental and revolutionary changes. This article aims to re-examine the structure of scientific knowledge through the perspective of Thomas S. Kuhn’s paradigm, as elaborated in his seminal work The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. This study employs a qualitative approach using the library research method, by analyzing Kuhn’s primary texts along with relevant secondary literature. The findings indicate that, according to Kuhn, the structure of scientific knowledge is built upon a dynamic paradigm. A scientific paradigm shift occurs when anomalies within the existing framework can no longer be explained by prevailing theories, leading to a scientific revolution that transforms scientists’ perspectives on reality, methodology, and the object of inquiry. In the context of the digital era and the Industrial Revolution 5.0, understanding this dynamic becomes crucial for epistemological reconstruction, ensuring that science remains relevant, proportional, and sustainable. This study provides a theoretical contribution to the development of modern philosophy of science and reinforces critical awareness of the interrelationship between paradigm, knowledge crisis, and scientific progress.

TikTok Shop: How Social Commerce Shapes Purchase Decisions

Agung Winoto — 2025-11-27

This study aims to analyze the influence of social commerce elements, such as social interaction, transaction convenience, creative content, user-generated content (UGC), and live shopping, on consumer purchase decisions on the TikTok Shop platform in Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach with an explanatory research design, this study involved respondents who had made purchases within the last six months. Regression analysis indicates that four main variables, like social interaction (p = 0.014), transaction convenience (p = 0.009), creative content (p = 0.012), and UGC (p = 0.012) are significantly affect purchase decisions. Meanwhile, live shopping does not show a significant influence (p = 0.115), suggesting that direct synchronous interaction on TikTok Shop is not sufficient to drive purchase conversion without strong support from information quality and credibility.

A Study of Shallow Foundations on Expansive Soils (A Case Study of Bojonegoro Soil)

Edi Suprapto — 2025-11-27

Soil plays a vital role as the primary support in structural foundations. However, expansive clay soils often present challenges in construction due to their water-dependent characteristics. When wet, these soils expand; when dry, they shrink, potentially causing cracks in foundations and other structural elements. This study aims to identify the type of soil in the Bojonegoro area and evaluate its impact on stress distribution beneath shallow foundations placed on expansive soils. Laboratory tests were conducted, including plasticity index analysis, Atterberg limits, compaction test, and shear strength test. The focus of the study includes identifying the level of expansion potential, soil activity classification, and analyzing the pattern of vertical and horizontal stress distribution beneath the foundation, particularly in relation to the theoretical 2V:1H approach. Based on the analysis results, the soil in Bojonegoro is classified as highly expansive, with a plasticity index (PI) of 53.92%, a liquid limit (LL) of 84.60%, and a plastic limit (PL) of 30.68%. According to the USCS classification, the soil falls into the CH category (Clay with High Plasticity). Observations on the foundation model showed a settlement of 103.36 mm and an uplift (unloading) of 6.05 mm. The observed stress distribution followed a 6V:3H pattern, which theoretically corresponds to the 2V:1H ratio. These findings are expected to serve as a reference for designing more adaptive and safe foundations in expansive soil conditions.

Systematic Literature Review: The Influence of Budget Realization, HR Competency, and Organizational Characteristics on IKPA

Rachmarini Dian Anggraini — 2025-11-29

State budget implementation represents the managerial capacity and integrity of the public bureaucracy in managing fiscal resources for the benefit of the public. The Indonesian government, through the Ministry of Finance, introduced the Budget Execution Performance Indicator (IKPA) as a quantitative-based measure of APBN implementation performance. However, several studies have demonstrated an empirical paradox: increased budget realization is not always accompanied by an increase in the IKPA value. This phenomenon confirms that non-financial factors such as human resource (HR) competence, organizational characteristics, and institutional legitimacy play a critical role in determining the effectiveness of budget implementation. This study used the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) method with a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, analyzing twenty national scientific publications from 2020–2024. The analysis results indicate that HR competence and institutional support are the main determinants of IKPA success. This study emphasizes the importance of synergy between financial efficiency, HR professionalism, and institutional compliance in improving budget implementation performance in the public sector.

The Role of the Assurance Dimension of Sustainability Reporting on Greenwashing: Systematic Literature Review

Riska Handani — 2025-11-29

The practice of sustainability assurance has rapidly expanded in response to growing demands for transparency and accountability in environmental, social, and governance (ESG) domains. However, the effectiveness of assurance in mitigating greenwashing remains debated. This study systematically reviews recent empirical findings on the influence of four assurance dimensions—existence, provider, level, and scope—on greenwashing. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach guided by PRISMA was applied to 20 peer-reviewed articles published between 2020 and 2025 across various countries and industry sectors. The synthesis reveals that assurance enhances stakeholder trust, promotes transparency, and improves market perceptions of corporate responsibility and governance when implemented under high-quality conditions. Nevertheless, its effectiveness largely depends on the independence of the assurance provider, the level of assurance obtained, and the comprehensiveness of the report’s scope. Limited assurance or that conducted by non-accounting providers tends to be symbolic, whereas comprehensive assurance with broader coverage is more substantive in reducing the gap between disclosure and actual sustainability performance. This study highlights the importance of improving assurance quality and harmonizing assurance practices as a governance mechanism to mitigate the risk of greenwashing in sustainability reporting, contributing to the growing discourse on credibility and legitimacy in ESG disclosure.

Systematic Literature Review: Dysfunctional Auditing, Time Budget Pressure, and Audit Quality in APIP

Putri Neira Ar Tupanno — 2025-11-29

The Government Internal Supervisory Agency (APIP) plays a vital role in ensuring state financial accountability, in line with the principles of Stakeholder Theory, which demands accountability to the public. However, the quality of APIP audits is threatened by job demands in the form of time budget pressure (TBP) and budget efficiency requirements. This double pressure is the main trigger for the emergence of Auditor Dysfunctional Behavior (PDA), which is a key mediator of declining audit quality. Therefore, this Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted to map the causal path between work pressure, PDA, and Audit Quality, as well as to evaluate the mitigating role of Job Resources (JR) in the context of APIP.

Objectives & Methods: The main objectives of this SLR are to analyze and synthesize empirical literature on (1) the influence of TBP and Budget Efficiency on PDA, (2) the mediating role of PDA on Audit Quality, and (3) the moderating role of JR in the relationship between PDA and Audit Quality. The method used is SLR with reference to the PRISMA guidelines. The literature search was limited to empirical articles in Indonesian and English published in the last five years (2020–2025).

Key Findings: The synthesis results show that TBP and Budget Efficiency have a positive and significant relationship with an increase in PDA. PDA has been consistently proven to act as a strong mediating variable, substantially weakening Audit Quality. Furthermore, the findings indicate that Job Resources (such as supervision and training) have critical potential as moderating variables, capable of weakening the negative relationship between PDA and Audit Quality, although findings regarding this moderating mechanism still vary across studies.

Implications: Theoretically, this SLR strengthens the integration of JD-R Theory and Stakeholder Theory, providing a comprehensive framework for understanding internal auditor behavior. Practically, this study recommends that APIP leaders design more proportional policies in time and budget allocation, as well as increase investment in Job Resources (e.g., supervision and professional development systems) to minimize PDA and maintain Audit Quality as the highest form of accountability to all public stakeholders.

Fraud Prevention through ASN Competence, IT Quality, Internal Control, and Good Governance: A Systematic Literature Review

Muhammad Rifqi — 2025-11-29

This study aims to analyze the factors influencing fraud prevention in the public sector through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The review focuses on four key variables: civil servant competence, information technology quality, internal control, and good governance principles. The study applied the SLR method following Kitchenham (2004) and PRISMA (2020) guidelines through four main stages: identification, screening, eligibility, and inclusion. Out of 120 initially identified articles, 16 met the inclusion criteria and were further analyzed. The findings reveal that civil servant competence, information technology quality, and internal control positively affect fraud prevention. Moreover, good governance acts as a moderating variable that strengthens these relationships. The study emphasizes the importance of improving civil servants’ professionalism and integrity, reliable information technology implementation, and internal control systems aligned with good governance principles.

Institutional Arrangements for the Creative Economy and Empowerment of Business Actors: A Study in Malang City

Azna Abrory Wardana — 2025-12-01

This study examines the institutional arrangements governing the creative economy in Malang City and evaluates their implications for the empowerment and performance of creative business actors. Nationally, the creative economy is supported by Law No. 24/2019 and Government Regulation No. 24/2022, which mandate local governments to provide infrastructure, financing schemes, and ecosystem facilitation. Malang City has adopted this framework through its Creative Economy Development Action Plan 2023–2027 and the establishment of the Malang Creative Center (MCC) as a collaborative hub for 17 creative subsectors. Employing a qualitative policy case study and a socio-legal approach, this research analyzes regulatory documents and triangulates them with semi-structured interviews involving government officials, MCC managers, and creative actors. Findings show that Malang possesses a relatively advanced normative framework, yet institutional implementation remains fragmented. Overlapping mandates, weak cross-agency coordination, and unclear institutional entry points hinder effective service delivery. MCC has become the primary provider of training, mentoring, and promotional facilities, and actors engaged in these programs report improved networks, digital capabilities, and business development. However, benefits remain uneven, with digitally connected and campus-based communities receiving more support than peripheral subsectors such as home-based crafts, small culinary businesses, and traditional fashion. The study also identifies a direct relationship between institutional quality and business strategy. Actors with stronger institutional linkages tend to adopt innovative business models, expand markets—including through digital platforms—and pursue formal financing opportunities. Conversely, limited institutional exposure results in localized, traditional business strategies. Theoretically, the study highlights how institutional arrangements bridge legal logic and business logic, reinforcing the relevance of institutional theory, public service management, and empowerment frameworks. Practically, the findings call for clearer division of roles, strengthened service hubs, inclusive empowerment programs, and integrated digital literacy and financing initiatives to enhance creative economy governance in Malang City.

Utilization of AI Technology in Sustainable Integrated Water Resource Management

Vinsensia Paola Prattyni — 2025-12-01

Water resource management has become increasingly complex as climate change, population growth, and land-use expansion intensify pressure on global water systems. Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) offers a holistic approach to balancing ecological, social, and economic water needs; however, traditional methods often fall short in addressing real-time variability and long-term sustainability challenges. In response, the advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) provides transformative opportunities to enhance hydrological prediction, dynamic monitoring, and decision optimization within the IWRM framework. This study aims to (1) explore the potential and challenges associated with AI adoption in sustainable integrated water-resource management, (2) propose a conceptual framework that integrates AI with IWRM through physical modeling, real-time monitoring, and decision-support optimization, and (3) offer technical and policy recommendations for implementing AI in national water sectors, with a specific emphasis on Indonesia. Using a qualitative literature-based methodology, this research synthesizes findings from scientific publications, institutional reports, and empirical case studies. The results indicate that AI significantly improves streamflow forecasting, water-quality prediction, automated system control, and multi-objective water allocation. Despite these benefits, challenges such as data scarcity, limited model interpretability, technological infrastructure gaps, and governance constraints hinder effective implementation. The proposed framework demonstrates how AI can be operationalized across hydrological modeling, sensor-based monitoring, and decision-support engines to strengthen IWRM outcomes. Overall, the study highlights the urgent need for strategic investment, regulatory readiness, and capacity building to unlock AI’s full potential in achieving sustainable and resilient water governance.

Personnel Administration Management Strategy of the Fire and Rescue Department of Yogyakarta City

Nurjanah Nurjanah — 2025-12-08

This study examines the personnel administration management strategies within the Fire and Rescue Department of Yogyakarta City. The research focuses on identifying the practices, challenges, and improvements in managing human resources, particularly within a public service organization such as the fire and rescue department. By using a qualitative approach, this study analyzes the organizational structure, recruitment processes, training programs, and employee performance evaluation systems implemented by the department. Additionally, it explores the integration of technology and communication systems in enhancing administrative efficiency. The findings reveal that while there are notable efforts to optimize human resource management, challenges such as limited budget allocations, the need for more advanced training programs, and the adoption of more modern management tools still persist. Recommendations are provided to improve administrative practices through better resource allocation, enhanced staff training, and the implementation of digital tools to streamline operations. This study offers valuable insights for improving public sector management, specifically in critical service organizations like fire and rescue departments.

The Impact of Accounting Automation on the Role of Human Accountants in Multinational Companies

Sudaryat — 2025-12-01

This study explores the impact of accounting automation on the role of human accountants in multinational companies, focusing on the transformative effects of technologies such as Robotic Process Automation (RPA), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Machine Learning (ML). Using a qualitative approach, specifically a systematic literature review (SLR) and library research, the study examines existing academic articles, industry reports, and case studies to assess how automation has reshaped accounting practices in multinational corporations. The findings reveal that automation has significantly enhanced operational efficiency, reduced human error, and streamlined accounting processes, leading to cost savings and more accurate financial reporting. Additionally, the role of accountants has shifted from performing routine, operational tasks to more strategic and advisory functions, contributing to business decision-making and financial strategy. However, the study also highlights concerns regarding job displacement, particularly for lower-level accounting roles, and emphasizes the need for continuous professional development and skill acquisition in areas such as AI and data analytics. The study concludes that while automation offers substantial opportunities for accountants to grow in strategic roles, it also requires significant adaptation in terms of skills and responsibilities. Future research is recommended to explore the long-term effects of automation on the accounting profession, its ethical implications, and the effectiveness of training programs aimed at equipping accountants with the necessary technological skills.

The Importance of Transparency in Halal Certification for Protecting Muslim Consumers

Salzabila Musa — 2025-12-08

As a country with a predominantly Muslim population, Indonesia has an obligation to protect Muslim consumers by ensuring the halal status of products circulating within the country. Law No. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection and Law No. 33 of 2014 concerning Halal Product Guarantee serve as legal instruments to protect Muslim consumers. However, several issues still arise in the implementation of transparency in halal certification. For instance, there are domestically and internationally produced halal-certified products circulating in Indonesia that are not truly halal because they contain porcine elements (pig-derived substances). This study aims to analyze the regulation of transparency in halal certification for food products as a form of protection for Muslim consumers. The research method used in this article is normative legal research. Data was collected through library studies, which include legislation and other regulations as primary data sources, as well as journal articles, books, and websites as secondary data sources. The approaches used include legislative, case, and conceptual approaches. The study’s results show that although halal certification transparency is regulated under positive law, it has not been optimally implemented, leaving loopholes that may harm Muslim consumers. Therefore, strong synergy between institutions, an increase in legal awareness among business actors, and more stringent law enforcement mechanisms are needed.

The Effect of Gadget Use on Emotional Development in Early Childhood: A Health Education Approach

Siti Robi’atus Sholiha — 2025-12-12

The use of gadgets has become a part of modern family life and is increasingly observed among young children, including in residential areas like Woodville Residence Sidoarjo. Children’s dependence on digital devices is a concern, as it may hinder their emotional development. This study aims to describe how gadget use impacts the emotional development of young children and assess parents’ understanding of the associated risks. The research employs a descriptive approach with a survey method targeting parents of children aged 3–6 years. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire that includes the duration of gadget use, parenting patterns, and indicators of the child’s emotional development. The results show that the majority of children use gadgets beyond the recommended limits, and this condition correlates with signs of emotional instability, such as irritability, low self-confidence, and difficulty in controlling emotions. These findings emphasize that the role of parents in regulating gadget use is crucial to ensure optimal emotional development in children.

Optimizing Customer Experience through Omnichannel Marketing in Retail Companies during the Digital Transformation Era

Izharuddin Pagala — 2025-12-13

Digital transformation is reshaping the retail landscape by accelerating the integration of digital technologies into marketing and customer interaction processes. As customer expectations increasingly emphasize convenience, speed, and personalization, retail companies are required to deliver seamless experiences across all online and offline channels. This study aims to analyze how retail companies can optimize customer experience through integrated omnichannel marketing strategies during the digital transformation era. Using a qualitative research design and literature study approach, the analysis draws from academic journals, industry reports, and recent empirical studies published within the last ten years. The findings show that channel integration, supported by unified customer data platforms, significantly enhances experience consistency, reduces service friction, and strengthens trust. Digital technologies such as artificial intelligence, data analytics, mobile applications, and automation improve personalization, engagement, and responsiveness throughout the customer journey. Additionally, organizational factors—including leadership commitment, cross-functional collaboration, employee digital competence, and customer-centric culture—play a critical role in successful omnichannel implementation. Overall, the study highlights that optimized omnichannel marketing contributes to improved customer satisfaction, increased loyalty, and stronger competitive advantage in modern retail. These insights provide important theoretical and practical implications for retailers seeking to innovate and compete effectively in a rapidly evolving digital environment.

The Study of The Influence of Vehicle Body Aerodynamics on Energy Consumption in Electric Vehicles Using Integrated CFD Simulation

Muhammad Alwi — 2025-12-18

This study examines the impact of vehicle body aerodynamics on energy consumption in electric vehicles (EVs) using integrated Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations. The problem addressed is the significant role of aerodynamic drag in reducing EV efficiency and range. The research aims to explore how aerodynamic optimizations, such as body shape adjustments, can reduce drag and improve energy efficiency. Primary data was collected from CFD simulations of various vehicle designs, and secondary data was gathered from relevant literature. The findings indicate that aerodynamic modifications, combined with other design optimizations like battery and motor efficiency improvements, lead to substantial reductions in energy consumption, demonstrating the importance of a holistic approach to vehicle design for enhanced EV performance and sustainability.

Community-Based Strategies for Sustainable Peatland Ecosystem Protection

Jenni Ria Rajagukguk — 2025-12-23

Tropical peatland ecosystems play a crucial role in global climate regulation by storing large amounts of carbon, yet they continue to experience severe degradation due to drainage, land conversion, and recurring fires. Conventional peatland restoration approaches that rely solely on technical interventions often fail to achieve long-term sustainability because they insufficiently address social and institutional dimensions. This study aims to examine and formulate community-based strategies for sustainable peatland ecosystem protection by integrating hydrological restoration, fire prevention, and socio-economic empowerment. The research adopts a qualitative approach using a literature study design, drawing on peer-reviewed journal articles, institutional reports, and relevant policy documents related to peatland management and community participation. Data were analyzed through thematic content analysis to identify key patterns, practices, and strategic elements that support effective community engagement. The findings indicate that community-based fire management, participatory hydrological restoration, and the development of peat-compatible livelihoods significantly enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of peatland protection efforts. Strong local institutions, incentive alignment, and policy support further strengthen long-term adoption. The study concludes that positioning local communities as co-managers rather than passive beneficiaries is essential for achieving resilient and sustainable peatland ecosystem protection.

The Implementation of Islamic Family Law in Indonesia A Study on the Application of the Marriage Law and the Compilation of Islamic Law

Abdul Wahid — 2025-12-23

Islamic family law is an essential component of the Islamic legal system that regulates personal matters such as marriage, divorce, inheritance, and guardianship. In Indonesia, the implementation of Islamic family law gains a strong legal foundation through Law Number 1 of 1974 on Marriage and the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI), enacted under Presidential Instruction Number 1 of 1991. This article aims to examine the application of Islamic family law in Indonesia, with a focus on the synchronization between normative provisions in Islamic law and their implementation within the religious court system. This study employs a qualitative method with a normative juridical approach, analyzing legislation, court decisions, and Islamic legal literature. The findings indicate that although Islamic family law has been formally institutionalized, challenges remain in law enforcement, public awareness, and differences in interpretation between legal texts and social practices. Continuous reform and harmonization are needed to ensure that Islamic family law is applied in a fair, relevant, and contextually appropriate manner in Indonesia.

Analysis of the Impact of Coretax Implementation and Tax Compliance Moderation on Tax Gap Reduction in the Digital Era

Siti Aminah — 2025-12-23

This study analyzes the impact of Coretax implementation and tax compliance moderation on reducing the tax gap in the digital era. The tax gap, resulting from discrepancies between taxes owed and taxes paid, is increasingly challenging to address in the context of growing digital transactions. The research uses a library-based approach, reviewing literature on digital tax systems and compliance strategies. The findings show that while Coretax systems enhance efficiency, their effectiveness is maximized when combined with behavioral interventions like taxpayer education and trust-building. The study concludes that a holistic approach, integrating technology and behavioral strategies, is essential to effectively reducing the tax gap and improving tax compliance.

Group Dynamics Conflict and Digital Interaction in the Hajj and Umrah Travel Industry in Jakarta

Yudhy Ariyanto — 2025-12-29

This study aims to analyze group dynamics, conflicts, and digital interactions in the Hajj and Umrah travel industry in Jakarta as a religious service-based organization operating under regulatory pressure and public expectations. The research focus is directed at the patterns of internal interaction of organizations, the forms and sources of conflicts, and the role of digital communication in daily operational activities. This research uses a descriptive, qualitative approach with a document review design, including the analysis of scientific articles, regulations, organizational reports, and other written sources relevant to the Hajj and Umrah travel industry. Data were analysed through data reduction processes, thematic coding, and narrative synthesis based on the framework of group dynamics, organizational conflicts, and digital interactions.

The results of the study show that group dynamics in Hajj and Umrah travel organizations are fluctuating and influenced by service intensity, especially during congested periods. Conflicts arise in various forms, including interpersonal and intersectoral conflicts, and conflicts involving external parties, with the main sources coming from work coordination, public service pressures, and regulatory changes. Digital interaction is increasingly establishing itself as the dominant modality for organizational communication and coordination, while also serving as a context for the proliferation of disputes arising from miscommunication and temporal constraints. This study concludes that group dynamics and conflicts in the Hajj and Umrah travel industry are social processes that are inseparable from the context of religious services and organizational digital transformation.

The Synergy of the Tri-Center Education in Shaping Social Responsibility Theoretical and Practical Review

Zuhdi Esha — 2025-12-29

Education is not solely the responsibility of formal institutions, but rather a multidimensional process involving family, school, and community the three centers of education as proposed by Ki Hajar Dewantara. In this article, we develop a three-center educational framework as a basis for fostering students' social responsibility. Using a qualitative approach in the form of a literature review, this article examines the roles and responsibilities of each pillar (family, school, and community) and formulates collaborative mechanisms that enable the holistic internalization of prosocial values. Based on an analysis of recent studies, we found that the three-center educational framework is relevant and effective in strengthening character education and social responsibility, especially in the context of modern challenges such as individualism and digital disruption. Therefore, systematic synergy between these three pillars is necessary as a character education strategy in the 21st century.

Training on Thin Plate Welding (SMAW 1G) for Potential Employees

Osmar Buntu Lobo — 2025-12-29

Childhood is a time when children learn through play, so it is essential to provide opportunities for them to play and experience learning through play. Kindergarten is a place for early education, intertwined with messages for the child's growth and development. Besides being a playground, it can offer benefits that may not be widely known. For example, a slide helps develop children's gross motor skills, and indirectly, they learn to queue, which also trains their social and emotional skills. A merry-go-round encourages children to socialize with peers and become more independent. The seesaw introduces children to the concept of balance and weight. Lastly, swings and rocking chairs, among the children's favorite activities, teach courage and the ability to estimate time, which is related to cognitive development. The outdoor playground facilities at TK Kuncup Harapan are mostly made of carbon steel, making them an ideal target for this Community Service Program (PKM). This program is unique because mechanical engineering skills can be beneficial in early childhood education (PAUD). Collaboration between the Department of Mechanical Engineering and PAUD is not often seen, which motivates the organizers to be excited and optimistic about carrying out this activity. There are several methods to join carbon steel, including riveted joints, bolted joints, and welded joints. Welding is considered a cost-effective and widely used method, especially in construction and steel frame applications. Based on the importance of educational play equipment and the observed damage to the playground at TK Kuncup Harapan, this proposal has been prepared to address the needs of the school. The goal of this service is to maintain (repair and restore) the playground equipment that has been damaged and is no longer usable. In addition to maintenance activities, this service will also provide basic welding training to potential teachers/staff so that any future issues involving carbon steel materials at the school can be resolved independently.

The Role of Education in Socialization and the Formation of Social Values The Process of Internalizing Values Norms and Culture Through Formal and Non-Formal Education

Moh Izzuddin — 2025-12-29

Education plays a crucial role in shaping students' social values through an ongoing socialization process. Values, norms, and culture are imparted not only through formal education at school but also through non-formal education that occurs at home and in the community. This article aims to explore the role of formal and non-formal education in the process of internalizing social values and to identify unresolved research gaps in education and the sociology of education. The method used is a literature review, analyzing relevant books and journal articles. The results indicate that formal education emphasizes knowledge and rules, while non-formal education is more closely linked to social experiences and real-world contexts. However, there are still limitations in research that comprehensively integrates both types of education within the context of social change and digitalization.

Strategic Agility as a Driver of SME Performance: The Moderating Role of SME’s Clusters in Indonesia

Nanik Ermawati — 2025-12-31

Strategic agility is a major focus for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) when facing rapidly changing market uncertainties. This study aims to analyze the influence of strategic agility on the performance of SMEs in Indonesia moderated by SME clusters. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey of SME owners or managers who were sampled with 277 respondents. The data is analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM-PLS). The study shows that strategic agility has a positive effect on the performance of SMEs, and SME clusters have an effect on strategic agility on the performance of SMEs. This study provides practical implications for SME actors to improve their sensing agility, decision-making agility, and acting agility. Further research is recommended to include moderation or mediation variables such as innovation or environmental uncertainty to enrich the results.

Innovation in Mission-Based Statistics Learning through Student Cooperative Partnership at MTsN 4 Mojokerto

Pamiluwati — 2025-12-31

This study aims to describe the implementation and outcomes of mission-based statistics learning innovation through student cooperative partnerships as a contextual learning medium in the eighth grade at MTs Negeri 4 Mojokerto during the 2024–2025 academic year. This innovation is designed to enhance students' understanding of statistical concepts and data literacy by utilizing authentic data from the student cooperative. The mission-based learning model, which includes the phases of Observation, Investigation, Simulation, and Interpretation, is applied to create a more active, meaningful, and student-centered learning experience. The findings of this study show that student cooperative-based learning is effective in improving students' learning outcomes in cognitive, skill, and attitude aspects. A significant improvement was observed in post-test scores compared to pre-test scores. Students became more proficient in constructing tables and graphs, and there was an increase in group collaboration and engagement during the learning process. Additionally, this approach also enhanced students' mathematical communication skills, boosted their confidence in presenting data, and sparked an interest in economic activities and entrepreneurship. Overall, this innovation proves effective in creating contextual and relevant learning experiences, while supporting the strengthening of students' numerical literacy. This approach can be applied as an alternative model for learning that involves real data in the school environment.

The Impact of Overclaim in Local Skincare Products on Gen Z Consumer Behavior: Forecasting Trends Among Students at Universitas Selamat Sri

Adhisty Kartika Dewi — 2025-12-31

This study discusses the impact of overclaim practices in local skincare products on Gen Z consumer behavior at Universitas Selamat Sri. Overclaim, which refers to excessive claims not fully supported by scientific evidence, has been shown to reduce consumer trust and influence purchase decisions. This research uses a descriptive-verification quantitative approach to examine the effect of overclaim on trust, brand image, and purchase decisions, while also assessing the role of trust as a mediating variable. The regression analysis results indicate that overclaim significantly negatively affects Gen Z consumer behavior. Meanwhile, trust and brand image have a significant positive impact on shaping purchase decisions. The mediation test also shows that trust significantly mediates the effect of overclaim on consumer behavior. The findings highlight the importance of information transparency and evidence-based marketing practices for the local skincare industry to build consumer trust and avoid negative responses from Gen Z.

Digital Literacy as an Enabler of Circular Economy Adoption in SMEs: A Systematic Literature Review

Nur Alam La Nafie — 2025-12-31

Digitalization is increasingly recognized as a catalyst for sustainability, yet the specific role of digital literacy in enabling small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to adopt circular economy (CE) models remains poorly understood. This systematic literature review examines how digital literacy influences CE adoption among SMEs. Searches were conducted in Google Scholar using predefined Boolean queries, yielding forty records, of which five peer-reviewed journal articles met the inclusion criteria of focusing on SMEs, digital capability, and circular economy practices. Studies included quantitative, qualitative, and bibliometric designs and were appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tools. The synthesis shows that digital literacy functions as a strategic organizational capability operating across operational, innovation, and ecosystem pathways that shape SMEs’ readiness and ability to implement CE. However, the evidence base remains fragmented, with digital literacy frequently measured indirectly through varied proxies such as fintech adoption, digital transformation readiness, or digital marketing capability. The small number of eligible studies and heterogeneity in conceptualization limit the generalizability of findings. Overall, the review highlights digital literacy as a foundational enabler of circular transitions in SMEs and underscores the need for clearer operational definitions, longitudinal evidence, and comparative research to advance theory, policy, and practice in digital-circular transformation.

Effect of Fasting Duration on Total Bacteria and Histopathology in Goldfish Infected with Aeromonas hydrophila

Syifa Fu'ada — 2025-12-31

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of fasting duration on total bacteria as well as changes in intestinal and gills of carp (Cyprinus carpio) after Aeromonas hydrophila infection. The experimental design consisted of five groups, namely negative control, positive control, one-day fasting, two-day fasting, and three-day fasting. Infection is carried out through immersion in a bacterial suspension with a density of 10⁸ colonies per milliliter. The number of bacteria was calculated using the colony calculation technique in the Rimler–Shotts medium, while the histological picture of the intestine and gills was analyzed using hematoxilin–eosin staining. Statistical analysis includes normality tests, one-way variety analysis, and follow-up tests as appropriate. The results showed that fasting had a significant influence on total bacteria and tissue structure. A one-day fast results in the highest total bacteria in the intestines and gills, reflecting acute metabolic stress and decreased mucosal resistance to bacterial colonization. Fasting for two and three days led to a decline in the number of bacteria close to the negative control group, signaling physiological adaptation and stabilization of the microbiota. Intestinal histopathology shows mild lesions in the form of epithelial desquamas, decreased mucous producing cells, and immune cell infiltration, while the gills experience inflammation with reduced severity at a longer duration of fasting. Overall, the duration of the fast determines the effectiveness of the carp's physiological response to infection. Very short fasts increase the burden of bacteria and tissue disorders, while longer fasts provide a protective effect through histological adaptation and microbiota balance.

The Impact of Employee Performance and Service Quality on Public Satisfaction at BUMDES Ujan Mas Baru

Emiyati — 2025-12-31

The objective of this research is to understand and analyze the combined effects of employee performance and service quality on community satisfaction in the village of Ujan Mas Baru. The methodology employed is quantitative, specifically utilizing purposive sampling. The sampling technique will refer to Slovin's formula, with a sample size of 100 respondents. The findings of this study indicate that the correlation coefficient (r) is 0.691, which signifies a correlation between the employee performance variable and service quality with community satisfaction of 0.691. The calculated value of rhitung > rtabel is 0.691 > 0.196. This indicates a strong relationship, as the value of r falls within the range of 0.61 - 0.80. The calculated value of thitung > ttabel is 2.273 > 1.984, and the probability (significance) is < 0.05 (α), specifically 0.025 < 0.05, leading to the rejection of H0. This implies that the employee performance variable has a significant partial (individual) effect on community satisfaction. Furthermore, the calculated value of thitung > ttabel is 6.624 > 1.984, and the probability (significance) is <0.05 (α), specifically 0.000 < 0.05, resulting in the rejection of H0, indicating that the service quality variable also has a significant partial (individual) effect on community satisfaction. The simultaneous testing yields a calculated value of Fhitung > Ftabel of 86.257 > 3.09, with a p- value of 0.000. The results of the testing indicate a p-value that is less than the level of significance (α = 5%). This implies that there is a significant simultaneous effect of Employee Performance and Service Quality on Community Satisfaction, with a coefficient of determination value obtained at 0.633. The adjusted Rsquare value, which is the adjusted R2, stands at 0.633 or 63.3%, signifying that the variables of Employee Performance and Service Quality account for 63.3% of the influence on Community Satisfaction. The remaining 36.7% is attributed to other factors.

Implementation of Community Asset-Based Reverse Osmosis Technology for Independent Access to Clean Water in Bibiosi Village

Helmin Rumbiak — 2026-01-03

The limited access to clean, consumable water in Bibiosi Village, Keerom Regency, which directly correlates with the high prevalence of environment-based diseases, forms the background of this community service activity, which aims to improve clean water access and community health quality through the implementation of Reverse Osmosis (RO) technology. This activity adopted the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) method by mobilizing the potential of the “Narwastu” workers' group as a local asset and primary partner. The program implementation, located in Bibiosi Village, involved 50 heads of households and focused on a series of participatory stages, including socialization to build collective awareness, intensive technical training on the operation and maintenance of the RO unit for 10 members of the “Narwastu” group as technology cadres, and the collaborative installation of the technology unit. The results of the activity show a highly positive and measurable impact, marked by a significant 92% increase in the community's understanding of the urgency of clean water, based on pre-test and post-test analysis, which created a strong social foundation for technology adoption. Furthermore, the program successfully formed competent local technology cadres, with 85% of them proven to have mastered the operational and basic maintenance skills of the RO unit, and successfully installed one water purification unit that is now fully operational and communally accessible to all residents. This activity concludes that the integration of appropriate technology intervention with a community asset-based empowerment approach is a highly effective strategy not only for providing physical infrastructure but also for building community self-reliance and a sense of ownership, which are essential foundations for the sustainability of health and quality of life improvement programs in disadvantaged regions.

Exploring Multimodal AI Frameworks for Real‑Time Decision Making in Edge Devices

Darmin Darmin — 2026-01-05

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and edge computing has driven the demand for intelligent systems capable of real-time decision making under limited computational resources. In particular, multimodal AI, which integrates heterogeneous data sources such as visual, audio, and sensor signals, plays a crucial role in enhancing contextual awareness and decision accuracy at the edge. This study aims to explore and conceptualize a multimodal AI framework that supports real-time decision making on edge devices while addressing challenges related to resource constraints, data privacy, and decision transparency. The research adopts a qualitative literature review approach, employing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method to analyze relevant studies published between 2018 and 2025. Data were collected from reputable academic databases and analyzed using thematic content analysis to identify key architectural components, fusion strategies, optimization techniques, and privacy-preserving mechanisms. The findings indicate that hybrid multimodal fusion, combined with model compression, dynamic inference, and federated learning, significantly improves efficiency, privacy protection, and explainability in edge-based AI systems. This study contributes a comprehensive conceptual framework that can guide future development and deployment of adaptive, efficient, and trustworthy multimodal AI solutions for real-time edge intelligence applications.

Analysis of Rainfall on the Production of Sidimpuan Snake Fruit (Salacca sumatrana Becc.) in South Tapanuli Regency

Imelda Sari Harahap — 2026-01-06

Rainfall is one of the climatic elements that directly influences agricultural production; moreover, it often becomes a limiting factor in crop productivity. This study aims to analyze the effect of rainfall on the production of Sidimpuan snake fruit (Salacca sumatrana Becc.) in East Angkola and West Angkola Districts, South Tapanuli Regency. This research employed a survey method. The research data consisted of secondary data, including rainfall data and Sidimpuan snake fruit production data from 2014 to 2023 in East Angkola and West Angkola Districts, South Tapanuli Regency. Data were collected using purposive sampling techniques. The data were analyzed using regression and correlation analyses, presented in the form of tables and graphs, and described descriptively. The results show that rainfall in East Angkola District, South Tapanuli Regency, has a negative effect on the production of Sidimpuan snake fruit, with a regression coefficient of r = 0.4, indicating a weak relationship between rainfall and Sidimpuan snake fruit production. The contribution of rainfall is 19%, while 89% of Sidimpuan snake fruit production in East Angkola District, South Tapanuli Regency, is influenced by other factors not examined in this study. Meanwhile, the regression analysis for rainfall in West Angkola District, South Tapanuli Regency, shows a positive effect on Sidimpuan snake fruit production, with a regression coefficient of r = 0.5, indicating a moderate relationship between rainfall and Sidimpuan snake fruit production. The contribution of rainfall is 21%, while 79% of Sidimpuan snake fruit production in West Angkola (Sipirok) District, South Tapanuli Regency, is influenced by other factors not examined in this study.

Islam Nusantara and the Legitimacy of the Qur’an: A Reading of the Principle of Al-‘Urf in Ibn ‘Āshūr’s Tafsir and Abdurrahman Wahid’s Indigenization of Islam

Winni Sabron Jamila — 2026-01-07

Islam Nusantara is a discourse that has generated diverse responses, ranging from support to rejection. One of the prominent figures who strongly supports this discourse is Abdurrahman Wahid (Gus Dur). Through library-based research, this article examines the concept of Islam Nusantara from Gus Dur’s perspective. The findings indicate that Gus Dur’s support for Islam Nusantara is grounded in two primary considerations. First, Islam Nusantara is viewed as an effort to balance the process of Arabization, which has the potential to cultivate fanaticism toward Arabic symbols and diminish local cultural identities. Second, Islam Nusantara is understood as a form of dialogue between religious texts and the socio-cultural realities of the Nusantara region, resulting in a distinctive mode of Islamic practice without compromising the essential teachings of Islam.

The Role of Sharia Stocks in Driving the Achievement of the SDGs: Empirical Evidence from Sharia Stock Indices in Indonesia

Fajriyatul Abadiyah — 2026-01-07

Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) requires the active involvement of the financial sector in promoting inclusive and sustainable economic development. Within the framework of Islamic economics, Islamic capital markets particularly Islamic stocks are considered strategic instruments due to their emphasis on justice, sustainability, and strong linkages with the real sector. This study aims to examine the role of Islamic stock performance in promoting SDGs achievement in Indonesia. A quantitative approach is employed using panel data regression on firms listed in the Indonesian Sharia Stock Index (ISSI) over the 2015–2023 period. Islamic stock performance is measured by stock returns, volatility, and market capitalization, while SDGs achievement is proxied by the SDG index score, poverty rate, and employment ratio. The Fixed Effect Model estimation reveals that Islamic stock returns and market capitalization have a positive and significant effect on SDGs achievement, whereas stock volatility has a significant negative effect. These findings suggest that Islamic capital markets contribute meaningfully to sustainable development, although their effectiveness is highly dependent on market stability. This study provides empirical evidence for Islamic development economics literature and offers policy insights for strengthening the role of Islamic capital markets in supporting the SDGs agenda in Indonesia.

Analysis of Unit Costs for Chemical Laboratory Examination Parameters at the Jakarta Public Health Laboratory Center in 2024

Asri Ramaruliasari — 2026-01-12

Chemical laboratories play a strategic role in environmental quality testing, particularly in the analysis of water, food, and solid substances. However, the current calculation of unit costs for chemical laboratory examinations at BB Labkesmas Jakarta only accounts for consumable materials and electricity costs, leading to cost underestimation and non-tax state revenue (PNBP) tariffs that do not reflect actual operational costs. This condition may threaten the sustainability of laboratory operations. This study aimed to calculate the unit cost per examination parameter in the chemical laboratory of BB Labkesmas Jakarta in 2024 using a comprehensive costing approach and to analyze the cost recovery rate (CRR) for each parameter. A descriptive quantitative approach was applied using secondary data from the 2024 financial reports. Cost allocation was conducted using the double distribution method to assign supporting unit costs to production units, followed by the Relative Value Unit (RVU) method to determine unit costs per parameter. A total of 47 laboratory examination parameters were analyzed, comprising 4,292 samples. The total laboratory cost after allocation amounted to IDR 1,931,744,155, with an average unit cost of IDR 481,565 per parameter. The highest unit costs were observed for Oil and Grease and Anionic Surfactant parameters, while the lowest were for Temperature and Taste. The average CRR was 5.0%, indicating that actual unit costs far exceeded the current service tariffs. Fixed costs dominated the cost structure, suggesting that increasing examination volume and adjusting tariffs based on actual unit costs are essential to improve efficiency and laboratory sustainability.

An Environmental Theory Approach to Predicting Treatment-Seeking Behavior for Depression Among Indonesian Adolescents

Ignatius Gonggo Prihatmono — 2026-01-12

Depression is an increasingly prevalent mental health issue among Indonesian adolescents. According to the 2018 Basic Health Research (Riskesdas), the prevalence of emotional mental disorders among individuals aged 15 years and above has shown a significant increase. Many adolescents experience depressive symptoms but do not seek medical help due to social stigma and limited access to mental health services. Environmental factors—such as academic pressure, family conflict, social media exposure, and economic conditions—play a crucial role in shaping help-seeking behavior for mental health services. This study aims to explore how environmental theory can be applied to predict help-seeking behavior among adolescents experiencing depression in Indonesia. A qualitative literature review method was employed to analyze environmental factors that influence adolescents’ decisions to seek mental health services. Data were obtained from scientific journals, research reports, and publications from relevant health organizations. The findings indicate that help-seeking behavior among adolescents is strongly influenced by social, cultural, economic, and health policy factors. Social stigma and cultural norms remain major barriers to seeking professional support. Additionally, limited mental health services, particularly in rural areas, further hinder access to care. However, with the advancement of technology, telemental health services offer a promising solution to enhance accessibility and reduce stigma surrounding mental health. In conclusion, effective strategies to improve help-seeking behavior among adolescents should include strengthening mental health literacy, reducing stigma, and expanding access to digital-based services. Active involvement of families, schools, and government institutions is essential to creating an environment that supports adolescent mental health in Indonesia.

Transformation of Local Fish through Fermentation Technology for the Development of Functional Foods

Luthfiah Luthfiah — 2026-01-12

Local fish resources in Indonesia possess significant nutritional potential; however, their utilization remains largely limited to fresh or conventionally processed products with low added value. Fermentation technology offers a promising approach to transform local fish into functional foods with enhanced nutritional, health, and economic value. This study aims to analyze the role of fermentation technology in developing functional food products from local fish, focusing on nutritional enhancement, food safety, economic potential, and environmental sustainability. The research employed a qualitative method using a literature review approach, synthesizing data from peer-reviewed journals, academic books, and reputable scientific databases related to fish fermentation, functional foods, and food biotechnology. The findings indicate that fermentation improves protein digestibility, generates bioactive peptides, enhances antioxidant activity, and increases the presence of beneficial microorganisms such as lactic acid bacteria. Controlled fermentation using selected starter cultures was found to improve product safety by reducing biogenic amine formation while ensuring consistent quality. In addition, fermentation contributes to waste reduction and supports the circular bioeconomy by valorizing underutilized fish species and by-products. Overall, fermentation technology enables the sustainable transformation of local fish into high-value functional foods that integrate local wisdom with modern food biotechnology.

Transformative Strategies for Inclusive Education to Eliminate Gender Bias and Strengthen Social Justice in Modern School Environments

Samsul Rizal — 2026-01-12

This study explores transformative strategies for inclusive education aimed at eliminating gender bias and strengthening social justice in modern school environments. The background highlights that despite the implementation of equality-oriented policies, gender disparities persist in Indonesian education—particularly in learning materials, teaching practices, and access to digital technology. The study aims to identify forms of gender bias, analyze inclusive learning strategies, and formulate a transformative educational model rooted in social justice. Using a qualitative literature review, data were collected from books, journal articles, policy documents, and international reports by UNESCO and UNICEF. The findings show that gender inequality manifests through stereotypes in textbooks, unequal participation in STEM fields, and digital discrimination. Effective strategies include integrating gender literacy into curricula, empowering teachers through training, and promoting collaboration among schools, governments, and communities. The study concludes that inclusive education transformation must combine curriculum reform, digital ethics, and social participation to achieve gender-equal learning environments.

Integration of Educational Budget Planning and Public Relations Management in Enhancing Transparency of Financial Management in Modern Schools

Suuci Analismy — 2026-01-12

This study examines the integration of educational budget planning and public relations (PR) management as a strategic approach to improving transparency in school financial governance. The background highlights that while schools increasingly implement participatory and performance-based budgeting, transparency often remains procedural due to weak communication and stakeholder engagement. The research aims to analyze how the alignment of budget planning with PR functions can create transparent, accountable, and participatory financial management systems. Using a qualitative literature review method, data were collected from books, journal articles, policy documents, and reports from reputable academic sources such as UNESCO, OECD, and the World Bank. Thematic analysis was employed to synthesize concepts, policies, and best practices related to financial transparency in education. The results show that integrating budget planning and PR enhances institutional accountability, stakeholder trust, and effective communication of financial information. The study concludes that transparency becomes substantive and participatory when budgeting and communication processes are unified through strategic collaboration and ethical information management.

The Dynamics of Strategic Collaboration Between the Public and Private Sectors in Driving Sustainable Innovation in the Era of Digital Transformation

Ade Suhara — 2026-01-13

This study explores the dynamics of strategic collaboration between the public and private sectors in driving sustainable innovation amid digital transformation. It addresses the challenges faced by these sectors in aligning goals and integrating digital technologies effectively. Using a library research method, the study analyzes secondary data from books, journals, and case studies related to public-private collaboration, digital transformation, and sustainable innovation. The findings reveal that successful collaborations require clear governance, shared objectives, and effective use of digital technologies. However, challenges such as regulatory misalignment and trust issues must be overcome. Ultimately, fostering these collaborations can drive more sustainable, innovative solutions for both economic and societal benefit in the digital age.