Examination of Influenza Samples at BLKM Manado in 2024

Abstract

Background: Influenza remains a major global respiratory infection and public health concern. In Indonesia, influenza surveillance is conducted through the Influenza-Like Illness (ILI) and Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI) sentinel system. The BLKM Manado laboratory supports influenza surveillance in North Sulawesi and Gorontalo provinces.

Objective: This study aims to describe influenza sample examination results in 2024 at BLKM Manado to support early detection of potential outbreaks in its catchment area.

Methods: A retrospective descriptive study with a cross-sectional laboratory-based approach was conducted. Data were obtained from 102 samples collected from four ILI–SARI sentinel sites during January–December 2024. Examinations were performed using real-time PCR to detect influenza A/B and SARS-CoV-2.

Results: Out of 102 samples, 27 (26.5%) were positive for influenza, mainly from West Amurang Health Center (51.9%), Kabila Health Center (40.7%), and Ainun Habibie Hospital (7.4%). Identified viruses included influenza type B (56%) and type A (44%), while 12% were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Most cases occurred in the productive age group (19–59 years).

Conclusion: Both influenza A and B viruses were detected in the BLKM Manado working area throughout 2024, with type B predominating. These findings highlight the need to sustain and strengthen the ILI–SARI sentinel surveillance system for early detection and laboratory-based control of respiratory infections in tropical regions.